Women’s Health remains “understudied, under-recognised, and under-treated worldwide”. Women in Aotearoa face particular barriers to equitable, cohesive, and accessible health care and health outcomes which is worse for Māori and Pacifika women. Whilst women have a longer life-expectancy, a gender health gap exists with women spending more of their life in poor health compared to men, termed the health-survival paradox. Women’s Healthcare has tended to focus on female-specific conditions, ignoring the fact that Pākehā women are most likely to die from cardio-and cerebrovascular disease, and for Māori wāhine, lung disease. Increasingly scientists and physicians are recognising that the presentation and treatment of up to 700 conditions can vary, as much of modern medicine is based on research performed exclusively on cisgender men. For example, women are 50% more likely to die from an acute cardiac syndrome, to suffer side-effects from medications, and experience significant delays in diagnosis and treatment. This presentation will review the history of this phenomenon and examine what this means for research and healthcare in the future.