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RACS ASC 2024

Delayed-onset vocal cord palsy after thyroidectomy occurring despite normal initial post-operative endoscopy

Poster

Presentation Description

Institution: Department of Surgery, Central Clinical School, Monash University - VIC, Australia

Purpose: Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is usually identified during or immediately following thyroidectomy. Rarely RLN palsy maybe delayed in onset. This can occur despite normal intra-operative nerve monitoring (IONM) and initial post-operative endoscopy. Methodology: We report seven delayed-onset RLN palsies (RLNP) after thyroidectomy. All had normal findings on pre-operative flexible nasoendoscopy (FNE), IONM at conclusion of surgery, and initial post-operative FNE. All cases were confirmed on subsequent FNE. Serial FNEs were performed to monitor recovery. Results: Of seven patients (3 male, 4 female, median age 65 years), the median timing of delayed-onset RLNP was 12 days (range 9-35 days). RLNP was diagnosed on the unilateral side of surgery in six (86%) patients. All received conservative management, including referral to voice therapy. All seven patients recovered vocal cord function after a median duration of 24 weeks (range 8-52 weeks), and six within 28 weeks. The incidence of this complication was 0.1% (amongst 6,607 thyroidectomies). Conclusion: We report the first Australasian series of the rare problem of delayed-onset vocal cord palsy after thyroidectomy. We have detailed its onset, course and outcome. This knowledge assist recognition of a rare complication and enables the reassuring prognosis to be explained to patients. Further study into the possible pathophysiology is required.

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Authors

Authors

Dr Tianrui Ren - , Dr Stephanie Manning - , A/Prof James C Lee - , Prof Jonathan Serpell -