We present a case of a woman who underwent two parathyroidectomies, 13 years apart, revealing multiple Water Clear Cell Parathyroid Adenomata. This case underscores the potential for recurrence and provides unique insights into long-term disease progression. Our analysis reviewed literature from PubMed and Google Scholar, examining clinical presentation, biochemical parameters, radiological findings, and postoperative outcomes of parathyroidectomy for Water Clear Cell Hyperplasia (WCCH) and Water Clear Cell Adenoma (WCCA). Spanning 25 articles over 39 years, it offers a comprehensive view of WCCH and WCCA cases. Results show larger tumour masses in younger patients and a link between lower preoperative serum calcium levels and increased tumour size. The woman’s fluctuating biochemical markers over the years emphasize the dynamic nature of WCCA. Conclusion: This meta-analysis, enhanced by a longitudinal case study, provides crucial insights for diagnosing and managing WCCA and WCCH. It highlights the importance of recognizing recurrence and multiplicity in these rare conditions. This knowledge is vital for surgeons and endocrinologists, improving clinical treatment and emphasizing the need for long-term patient monitoring.