Background: The commencement of World War I in 1914 sparked a worldwide conflict, laying bare the unprepared state of Plastic Surgery as an essential surgical discipline. While the narrative of Harold Gillies is widely acknowledged, our exploration delves into the transformation of the field amid this tumultuous era, highlighting the substantial contributions made by Johann Esser. Methods: Johann Esser, a Dutch surgeon, played a pivotal role in advancing Plastic surgery amid the chaos of World War I. His journey on the Eastern Front- from Brünn to Vienna, Budapest, and Berlin- is documented (1), highlighting innovative techniques for facial reconstruction and tracheal defects. Esser's experiences, challenges, and successes are detailed through military orders, surgical advancements, and collaborations with influential medical figures. Results: Esser's impact on Plastic Surgery during wartime is evident through the establishment of specialised clinics, recognition from military authorities, and groundbreaking techniques. Esser's achievements include successful reconstructions, the introduction of innovative procedures, and recognition from European medical authorities. His experiences in the Great War culminated in the publication of a seminal textbook in 1918. Conclusions: Esser's decision to emigrate to France in 1925, following personal and professional tribulations, marks the end of his medical career in Berlin. The enduring legacy of Esser's work is reflected in international recognition and the establishment of an institute for Plastic Surgery, highlighting the transformative impact of World War I on Plastic Surgery. (1) Haeseker, B. (1983). Dr. J. F. S. Esser and his influence on the development of plastic and reconstructive surgery.